DavidSuzuki.org;
“The debate is over about whether or not climate change is real.”
You know, you’d think a geneticist would know better.
A massive international study of the human genome has caused scientists to rethink some of the most basic concepts of cellular function. Genes, it turns out, may be relatively minor players in genetic processes that are far more subtle and complicated than previously imagined.
Among the critical findings: A huge amount of DNA long regarded as useless — and dismissively labeled “junk DNA” — now appears to be essential to the regulatory processes that control cells. Also, the regions of DNA lying between genes may be powerful triggers for diseases — and may hold the key for potential cures.
[…]
[Thomas D. Tullius , professor of chemistry at Boston University] – “There were huge surprises; this research has upset a lot of thinking about how the genome works.”
He added in an interview: “There now appear to be thousands of places in the genome that were long thought to be useless or meaningless, but which we now see to have a functional role. But we don’t really understand what that role is.”
Most startling, according to researchers, is that some areas of the genome looming as crucial are regions that don’t contain specific instructions for making proteins. That recognition amounts to a sea change in basic biology.
Via Maxed Out Mama who notes that this isn’t really news. Evidence that so-called “junk” dna wasn’t junk at all has been mounting for some time.
Among other items, it calls into question very basic tenets of evolutionary gene studies based on gene “clocks” and it calls into severe question the statement that we share almost all of our DNA with our closest primate relatives. It’s so radical that it’s hard to construct a parallel. Something on the order of geologists holding a press conference and announcing that the world is flat after all.
It isn’t just new findings about “junk” dna that’s undermining the fashionable field of evolutionary genetics. In 2004* I pointed to this two year old item on new discoveries in mitochondrial dna, the very underpinning of these genetic “clocks” that purport to tell us, among other things, when it was that domestic dogs diverged from their wolf ancestors, and that all current humans have a single common female ancestor, a “mitochondrial Eve”.
For decades biologists have assumed that mitochondria – the cells’ power stations – are inherited solely through the maternal line.
Mitochondria in the sperm from the father were presumed to be destroyed immediately after conception, leaving behind only those from the mother. But Marianne Schwartz and John Vissing from the University Hospital Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, have discovered that one of their patients inherited the majority of his mitochondria from his father.
[…]
The researchers think inheritance of paternal mitochondrial DNA is probably very rare. But the findings will have implications for a number of branches of biology. Evolutionary biologists often date the divergence of species by the differences in genetic sequences in mitochondrial DNA. Even if paternal DNA is inherited very rarely, it could invalidate many of their findings. It will also have implications for scientists investigating inherited metabolic diseases.
Yet despite its obvious significance, this is information that aparently still manages to elude a good many in the field.
Now, why might that be?
(emphasis mine)