Lithium prices have tripled in a year, so now what?
52 Replies to “We Don’t Need No Flaming Sparky Cars”
So Saskatchewan and Alberta should sell a metric sh** tonne of lithium. That’s what. We’ve got lots of it.
In terms of the increase expressed as a cost per car it’s maybe $500. Not a deal breaker for anyone who wants an EV.
And if you think that kind increase is limited to lithium, I have a bridge to sell you.
Sorry but no. I’m taking deliver of a Model Y in October-November
What is a Y?
Is that a car?
Is everybody supposed to know?
I read there is 63 kg of lithium in a Model S. ($70,000 – $20,000) x 63 / 1000 = $3,150. I think the Model Y is made in China so I’d park it outside for a few months.
If lithium production is concentrated in Alberta and Saskatchewan then I’d expect the federal government to start a Lithium Marketing Board that forces producers to sell to the government. Followed by a lithium windfall tax and lithium pollution tax.
BTW, when driving around the far southwest corner of sask this summer I something new to me, it was a helium facility.
Prairie lithium and helium production might be something I’ll have to look into out of curiosity.
Unemployment will “surprisingly” increase but our elite will still buy the luxuries, elsewhere.
Kite cars?
Bumper, thumper rabbit carts?
Push cars that need people to pull?
Hey, I remember…’FLINTSTONES…meet the Flintstones.’
Looks like ALL OUR VEHICLES soon will be slapped with a luxury tax as inflation runs rampant.
The second great depression is almost upon us, Bennet buggies….google it.
They used to tax glass windows.
Steve, a practice known as ‘Daylight Robbery’, which has come to refer to any extortionate tax/price and the reason for the number of bricked up windows on older properties.
“Government’s view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases: If it moves, tax it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it”.
Ronald Reagan
Forget about bitcoin mining or learning to code.
Get into lithium mining.
It’s OK, it was never intended that EVs would be cheap enough for the masses to use; they are for the elite and their lackies. There isn’t enough electricity for all the ICEs to be replaced by electric motors.
I think it’s well past time to point the “Water Keepers” at the electric car people who are driving the demand for lithium, since producing lithium is more water intensive that keeping your laws in Vegas…
Chile is having that very problem due to lithium mining.
Depends the process. Chile uses a lot of water. It’s a dumb process. Australia and the US do open pit mining. And the US and Canada would do lithium brine extraction. Almost all new lithium mines are not water intensive.
I disagree. Chile does not use “a lot of water”. The lithium is already dissolved in underground water brines. They pump it to surface and let the water evaporate. Then they extract the lithium. The problem is the locals (who are depleting their supply of fresh water) complain that the pumping out of the water brine is also depleting the fresh water. I’m not sure I believe that but I’m not a hydro-geologist.
The following link attempts to describe the problem.
“The way lithium is ‘water-mined’, says Ingrid Garcés, a researcher from Chile’s University of Antofagasta and chemical civil engineer, is by pumping saline groundwater up from the subsurface. The brine contains around 0.15 per cent lithium, and is pumped through a cascade of ponds where impurities or by-products are precipitated by solar evaporation, wind, and chemical additives.”
“The problem with this comparatively cheap method is that up to 95 per cent of the extracted brine water is lost to evaporation and not recovered, researchers estimate. As the brine water is in hydrodynamic relation with its surroundings, the water-intensive mining process in this extremely arid region causes aquifers to deplete and affects the water balance. This is leading to continuing outcry among local communities living in close proximity to the Atacama salt flat.”
Did you notice the term “hydrodynamic relation”? I believe that is a totally made up term. There is no such thing as hydrodynamic relation on the Internet. I think what the chemical engineer (also not a hydro-geologist) is trying to say is that as you deplete the salt water, the fresh water is also depleted because it is drawn to where the salt water was extracted. I am very suspicious of this claim because once you mix salt water with fresh water you end up with salt water.
Also try and name an operating lithium mine in Canada. $70,000 per tonne sounds like a lot until you start mining these tiny deposits. The reason that most of the lithium comes from salt brines is it is cheap to extract. So expect higher prices for lithium.
how do you think the brine is created?
On further stupidities, everyone of the many mayoral candidates in Ottawa have announced their climate change plans! Like the Mayor of Ottawa is that powerful that he can control the climate, when he cannot even control the weather?
Robert
Yep
Same in Calgary with SOROS backed Leftist PAC’s before even being sworn in & inaugurated, the Ignorant WEF bought n paid for bitch declared a CLIMATE EMERGENCY…
Uhuh…
Funny you should bring that up! http://www.icsc-canada.com
Tom Harris was at both mayor debates that have been held to date, asking very challenging questions, and I have it on good authority that he will be at the next two forums as well.
Yes, I have the receipts.
The city of Ottawa is accountable for an increase of temperature of 1/10000 (do I have enough zeros?) of a degree by the end of the century, and and the same time, can only reduce present annual global emissions by only about 0.014%, yet the current plan adopted by the city proposes to spend nearly $60 Billion dollars by 2050, and thus far, NONE of the candidates have answered the question of how we’re going to pay for this, other than promising that the taxpayer will not be paying upwards to 40% increase in property taxes, among other promises they made about building an even greener Ottawa with “intensification”, while at the same time, promising to protect existing green spaces within the urban area.
Yeah… Good luck with that plan!
fc
Yep, Calgary Supposed Climate Emergency is projected to cost 80 Billion…gee, I wonder just whose $$$ will fund that..??
BS, BS and more colossal BS….as it ever was. No sea level rise, no loss of Polar Bear Habitat, no change in Arctic Ice coverage (seems to be increasing)….the only thing increasing is the Utter BulLShit emanating from everyone of our bought n paid for Leftist trash… AKA MAYORS n up.
I will drive my diesel truck till my burial…with me in it holding a fatty & a Btl of Espalon.. Santana “The Healer” playing on the Bose…!!
Screw Climatard BS..and anyone supporting it.
Given the lack of any serious plans or perception of intent to triple the electrical capacity with non emitting electrical energy sources (nuclear being the only realistic candidate), I’m going to put this article in the rent seekers noise category. There is only intent to remove the personal automobile by banning new ICE vehicles. The former members of the middle class that currently drive will not be able to afford much above the level of battery scooters by the time these policies play out and if they can, there will be drastic grid rationing of power for charging.
Triple? No, increase it by 30% or so, over and above the normal increase rate.
A few people have done the math, and they all come out at about 30% more electricity needed to replace all passenger vehicles. Even if we had a charger for every resident, and lots of spare capacity, it would be a nightmare.
Don’t forget the net zero wet dream that requires all FF combustion to be replaced with electrification in 28 years.
You need to double the electricity supply to switch from gas/diesel to electricity and you need to double it again to get rid of natural gas for heating. Those numbers are well known and easy to calculate.
In fact over 10% of our electricity comes from gas so one third of your 30% is needed just to clean up our existing electricity mix.
You are out by 300%.
This will merely create more pressure from greenies for even more EV subsidies.
When government messes with markets to this degree it’s all we can expect. This will be the norm from now on, and when we ask why things are complete chaos the answer will the same:
Capitalism.
Then they will tell us this emphases the need for more government intervention.
No one – absolutely no one is talking about the technical and economic realities of what to do with lithium batteries when they are exhausted. People talk airily about remanufacturing or recycling these cells, but I suspect that the energy expenditure required to do so would be more expensive than the full cost of manufacturing new cells from raw materials. It’ll take a huge amount of electricity to reduce the resulting compounds and refine the base metals. So no one is going to to it.
The environmental aspects of the decomposition of these materials are also glossed over for good reason, since if elemental lithium comes into contact with water you get very nasty compounds like LiOH, with a PH of 14.4 and high toxicity.
And finally, the economics of lithium batteries for consumers are about to go downhill sharply, simply due to the aging of electric vehicles.
An acquaintance was just complaining about a $26K CAD quote he got to replace a battery pack on an electric vehicle with a book value of $24K. That’s more than the total lifetime operating cost of a gasoline vehicle of equivalent age, and that doesn’t even include his actual operating cost in electricity consumption and maintenance.
There will be a lot of really unhappy consumers in about 5 years, when they realize that they’re stuck with used vehicles no one wants to buy, no trade-in offers from dealers, and an impossibly expensive service cost to keep the vehicle operating.
I also suspect that no one will want to look too closely at what wrecking yards and reclamation centers are actually doing with exhausted battery packs until we start getting dead animals showing up downstream from them because of groundwater contamination.
(applause)
No one wants to talk about these heavy metal atrocities or how they are made.
We crap all over the third world mining the materials, and then crap all over the first country too poor to say no to our garbage when we’re done with them. Real green.
Do you trust Third World countries (in this, I include China) to mine responsibly and ethically?
Certainly not for these eco-pious-mobiles.
That was true up til recently. Google Redwood Materials. They and Tesla are recycling 99% of batteries. It’s nearing closed loop.
Oh, go away you liberal shill. You sound just as retarded as my German relatives who have a love affair with everyone going into EVs while ignoring the fact they’ll freeze their heinies off this winter. EV supporters are part of the problem, not the solution, and EVs are NOT and will never be the solution.
Only deluded halfwits could believe those “closed-loop” claims, as if recycling doesn’t have massive energy inputs.
HannaH and her perpetual motion machine…
“It’s nearing closed loop”
Oh boy, another perpetuum mobile, they always work so why not now?
Governments will continue throwing monstrous subsidies at electric car manufacturers (using tax monies garnered from the working class) so the super-rich can drive status symbols, while the working class commute on bicycles and donkeys.
L – A tax on boats… because the Trudeau regime does not want citizens paddling their own
canoe.
Switching to electric cars in 13 to 28 years?? The grid in the US is failing without electric cars. There isn’t enough lithium and other minerals to even manufacture these cars. It is inevitable that gasoline powered vehicles will eventually be gone. As petroleum gets used up it will become expensive enough to force innovation. This will likely be in 100 to 150 years, not 13 years. California will likely be electing a Republican government in 13 years chucking the whole electric car plan in the crapper.
They will just go back to forcing Congolese children to mine cobalt.
The Green Religion comes first!
A curious ignorance runs through the believers in magic batteries.
Batteries “provide energy”..Some times they even say it out loud instead of just implying it.
For they never seem to consider;
A; How they will produce the electricity they seek batteries to store it in.
B; Power to weight ratio.
Is the tool still useful for the task?
Or has it sunk through the pavement and become a blob?
I will start advocating for the Sodium Metal / Water Battery,where the gullible can get a real bang for their buck.
For ain’t Sodium one of the most common elements on the planet?
So naturally this would be the Eco Battery of choice.
Save the Earth,buy our Bomb…Sorry Our.. Wonder Battery… 100% all natural ingredients.
Meanwhile I will be studying up on Home Brew Diesel,Distilled High Octane and external combustion engines..
Would a closed system steam car be better with gylcol or water?
John
French fry grease, filtered for a cpl months, secondary tank with switch overs from diesel to grease on start up and the other way on shutdown…add heater to get grease hot and your diesel just might be able to run around nicely….but how many McDonalds will ya need to provide said grease..?? And wherever will ya store it to allow proper filtration…? Injectors don’t really like potatoes particles…not to mention burned grease residue (plaque), in yer crankcase and elsewhere…I’ve looked at it and said not a hope in Hades.
Best bet might be likely a old 7.3L Ford engine…??
Steakman,I will be applying for that “Government Clean Energy Grant” to process mammal fat into biofuel..
While implying livestock I will be planning on using fat parasite as the prime donor stock.
And Strangely enough,I own two 7.3s.
Best diesel ford ever borrowed.(Used?)
Have a relative in Prince George running a 5.9 cummins on mostly old tranny fluid.
John
You will need to switch to cricket grease in the future:-)))
Why do the Tesla freaks come out of the woodwork automatically every time there’s an EV thread? It’s like there’s bots scanning the interwebs or something…Nah,couldn’t be.
Your Grounded Lithium Picture happens to be on a friends Land. They cut him a cheque so he’s happy. He hasn’t heard of The Lithium Results and probably won’t.
So Saskatchewan and Alberta should sell a metric sh** tonne of lithium. That’s what. We’ve got lots of it.
In terms of the increase expressed as a cost per car it’s maybe $500. Not a deal breaker for anyone who wants an EV.
And if you think that kind increase is limited to lithium, I have a bridge to sell you.
Sorry but no. I’m taking deliver of a Model Y in October-November
What is a Y?
Is that a car?
Is everybody supposed to know?
I read there is 63 kg of lithium in a Model S. ($70,000 – $20,000) x 63 / 1000 = $3,150. I think the Model Y is made in China so I’d park it outside for a few months.
If lithium production is concentrated in Alberta and Saskatchewan then I’d expect the federal government to start a Lithium Marketing Board that forces producers to sell to the government. Followed by a lithium windfall tax and lithium pollution tax.
BTW, when driving around the far southwest corner of sask this summer I something new to me, it was a helium facility.
Prairie lithium and helium production might be something I’ll have to look into out of curiosity.
All well and good for Freeland’s luxury tax.
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/luxury-tax-boats-cars-planes-federal-government-take-effect-september-1-2022-1.6568421
Unemployment will “surprisingly” increase but our elite will still buy the luxuries, elsewhere.
Kite cars?
Bumper, thumper rabbit carts?
Push cars that need people to pull?
Hey, I remember…’FLINTSTONES…meet the Flintstones.’
Looks like ALL OUR VEHICLES soon will be slapped with a luxury tax as inflation runs rampant.
The second great depression is almost upon us, Bennet buggies….google it.
They used to tax glass windows.
Steve, a practice known as ‘Daylight Robbery’, which has come to refer to any extortionate tax/price and the reason for the number of bricked up windows on older properties.
“Government’s view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases: If it moves, tax it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it”.
Ronald Reagan
Forget about bitcoin mining or learning to code.
Get into lithium mining.
It’s OK, it was never intended that EVs would be cheap enough for the masses to use; they are for the elite and their lackies. There isn’t enough electricity for all the ICEs to be replaced by electric motors.
Which takes us back to this…
https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/contact-denver7/thousands-of-xcel-customers-locked-out-of-thermostats-during-energy-emergency
I think it’s well past time to point the “Water Keepers” at the electric car people who are driving the demand for lithium, since producing lithium is more water intensive that keeping your laws in Vegas…
Chile is having that very problem due to lithium mining.
Depends the process. Chile uses a lot of water. It’s a dumb process. Australia and the US do open pit mining. And the US and Canada would do lithium brine extraction. Almost all new lithium mines are not water intensive.
I disagree. Chile does not use “a lot of water”. The lithium is already dissolved in underground water brines. They pump it to surface and let the water evaporate. Then they extract the lithium. The problem is the locals (who are depleting their supply of fresh water) complain that the pumping out of the water brine is also depleting the fresh water. I’m not sure I believe that but I’m not a hydro-geologist.
The following link attempts to describe the problem.
https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2019/08/lithium-firms-are-depleting-vital-water-supplies-in-chile-according-to-et-analysis/
From the link…
“The way lithium is ‘water-mined’, says Ingrid Garcés, a researcher from Chile’s University of Antofagasta and chemical civil engineer, is by pumping saline groundwater up from the subsurface. The brine contains around 0.15 per cent lithium, and is pumped through a cascade of ponds where impurities or by-products are precipitated by solar evaporation, wind, and chemical additives.”
“The problem with this comparatively cheap method is that up to 95 per cent of the extracted brine water is lost to evaporation and not recovered, researchers estimate. As the brine water is in hydrodynamic relation with its surroundings, the water-intensive mining process in this extremely arid region causes aquifers to deplete and affects the water balance. This is leading to continuing outcry among local communities living in close proximity to the Atacama salt flat.”
Did you notice the term “hydrodynamic relation”? I believe that is a totally made up term. There is no such thing as hydrodynamic relation on the Internet. I think what the chemical engineer (also not a hydro-geologist) is trying to say is that as you deplete the salt water, the fresh water is also depleted because it is drawn to where the salt water was extracted. I am very suspicious of this claim because once you mix salt water with fresh water you end up with salt water.
Also try and name an operating lithium mine in Canada. $70,000 per tonne sounds like a lot until you start mining these tiny deposits. The reason that most of the lithium comes from salt brines is it is cheap to extract. So expect higher prices for lithium.
how do you think the brine is created?
On further stupidities, everyone of the many mayoral candidates in Ottawa have announced their climate change plans! Like the Mayor of Ottawa is that powerful that he can control the climate, when he cannot even control the weather?
Robert
Yep
Same in Calgary with SOROS backed Leftist PAC’s before even being sworn in & inaugurated, the Ignorant WEF bought n paid for bitch declared a CLIMATE EMERGENCY…
Uhuh…
Funny you should bring that up!
http://www.icsc-canada.com
Tom Harris was at both mayor debates that have been held to date, asking very challenging questions, and I have it on good authority that he will be at the next two forums as well.
Yes, I have the receipts.
The city of Ottawa is accountable for an increase of temperature of 1/10000 (do I have enough zeros?) of a degree by the end of the century, and and the same time, can only reduce present annual global emissions by only about 0.014%, yet the current plan adopted by the city proposes to spend nearly $60 Billion dollars by 2050, and thus far, NONE of the candidates have answered the question of how we’re going to pay for this, other than promising that the taxpayer will not be paying upwards to 40% increase in property taxes, among other promises they made about building an even greener Ottawa with “intensification”, while at the same time, promising to protect existing green spaces within the urban area.
Yeah… Good luck with that plan!
fc
Yep, Calgary Supposed Climate Emergency is projected to cost 80 Billion…gee, I wonder just whose $$$ will fund that..??
BS, BS and more colossal BS….as it ever was. No sea level rise, no loss of Polar Bear Habitat, no change in Arctic Ice coverage (seems to be increasing)….the only thing increasing is the Utter BulLShit emanating from everyone of our bought n paid for Leftist trash… AKA MAYORS n up.
I will drive my diesel truck till my burial…with me in it holding a fatty & a Btl of Espalon.. Santana “The Healer” playing on the Bose…!!
Screw Climatard BS..and anyone supporting it.
Given the lack of any serious plans or perception of intent to triple the electrical capacity with non emitting electrical energy sources (nuclear being the only realistic candidate), I’m going to put this article in the rent seekers noise category. There is only intent to remove the personal automobile by banning new ICE vehicles. The former members of the middle class that currently drive will not be able to afford much above the level of battery scooters by the time these policies play out and if they can, there will be drastic grid rationing of power for charging.
Triple? No, increase it by 30% or so, over and above the normal increase rate.
A few people have done the math, and they all come out at about 30% more electricity needed to replace all passenger vehicles. Even if we had a charger for every resident, and lots of spare capacity, it would be a nightmare.
Don’t forget the net zero wet dream that requires all FF combustion to be replaced with electrification in 28 years.
You need to double the electricity supply to switch from gas/diesel to electricity and you need to double it again to get rid of natural gas for heating. Those numbers are well known and easy to calculate.
In fact over 10% of our electricity comes from gas so one third of your 30% is needed just to clean up our existing electricity mix.
You are out by 300%.
This will merely create more pressure from greenies for even more EV subsidies.
When government messes with markets to this degree it’s all we can expect. This will be the norm from now on, and when we ask why things are complete chaos the answer will the same:
Capitalism.
Then they will tell us this emphases the need for more government intervention.
No one – absolutely no one is talking about the technical and economic realities of what to do with lithium batteries when they are exhausted. People talk airily about remanufacturing or recycling these cells, but I suspect that the energy expenditure required to do so would be more expensive than the full cost of manufacturing new cells from raw materials. It’ll take a huge amount of electricity to reduce the resulting compounds and refine the base metals. So no one is going to to it.
The environmental aspects of the decomposition of these materials are also glossed over for good reason, since if elemental lithium comes into contact with water you get very nasty compounds like LiOH, with a PH of 14.4 and high toxicity.
And finally, the economics of lithium batteries for consumers are about to go downhill sharply, simply due to the aging of electric vehicles.
An acquaintance was just complaining about a $26K CAD quote he got to replace a battery pack on an electric vehicle with a book value of $24K. That’s more than the total lifetime operating cost of a gasoline vehicle of equivalent age, and that doesn’t even include his actual operating cost in electricity consumption and maintenance.
There will be a lot of really unhappy consumers in about 5 years, when they realize that they’re stuck with used vehicles no one wants to buy, no trade-in offers from dealers, and an impossibly expensive service cost to keep the vehicle operating.
I also suspect that no one will want to look too closely at what wrecking yards and reclamation centers are actually doing with exhausted battery packs until we start getting dead animals showing up downstream from them because of groundwater contamination.
(applause)
No one wants to talk about these heavy metal atrocities or how they are made.
We crap all over the third world mining the materials, and then crap all over the first country too poor to say no to our garbage when we’re done with them. Real green.
Do you trust Third World countries (in this, I include China) to mine responsibly and ethically?
Certainly not for these eco-pious-mobiles.
That was true up til recently. Google Redwood Materials. They and Tesla are recycling 99% of batteries. It’s nearing closed loop.
Oh, go away you liberal shill. You sound just as retarded as my German relatives who have a love affair with everyone going into EVs while ignoring the fact they’ll freeze their heinies off this winter. EV supporters are part of the problem, not the solution, and EVs are NOT and will never be the solution.
Only deluded halfwits could believe those “closed-loop” claims, as if recycling doesn’t have massive energy inputs.
HannaH and her perpetual motion machine…
“It’s nearing closed loop”
Oh boy, another perpetuum mobile, they always work so why not now?
HannaH is yer last name STUNDBERG, as in Greta?
Just wait till the watermelons realize how many litters of water one needs to waste, to obtain a kilogram of lithium ore, and how many kilograms are needed to build a car battery
https://danwatch.dk/en/undersoegelse/how-much-water-is-used-to-make-the-worlds-batteries/
Governments will continue throwing monstrous subsidies at electric car manufacturers (using tax monies garnered from the working class) so the super-rich can drive status symbols, while the working class commute on bicycles and donkeys.
L – A tax on boats… because the Trudeau regime does not want citizens paddling their own
canoe.
Switching to electric cars in 13 to 28 years?? The grid in the US is failing without electric cars. There isn’t enough lithium and other minerals to even manufacture these cars. It is inevitable that gasoline powered vehicles will eventually be gone. As petroleum gets used up it will become expensive enough to force innovation. This will likely be in 100 to 150 years, not 13 years. California will likely be electing a Republican government in 13 years chucking the whole electric car plan in the crapper.
This is what Green Victory looks like. Recharging the incendiary device you bought from Government Motors.
https://www.msn.com/en-us/autos/news/dealership-quotes-30-000-to-replace-battery-in-a-10-000-chevrolet-volt/ar-AA11hHuE?ocid=entnewsntp&cvid=630fa3d2edbd4307a39ca506c49a07b9
They will just go back to forcing Congolese children to mine cobalt.
The Green Religion comes first!
A curious ignorance runs through the believers in magic batteries.
Batteries “provide energy”..Some times they even say it out loud instead of just implying it.
For they never seem to consider;
A; How they will produce the electricity they seek batteries to store it in.
B; Power to weight ratio.
Is the tool still useful for the task?
Or has it sunk through the pavement and become a blob?
I will start advocating for the Sodium Metal / Water Battery,where the gullible can get a real bang for their buck.
For ain’t Sodium one of the most common elements on the planet?
So naturally this would be the Eco Battery of choice.
Save the Earth,buy our Bomb…Sorry Our.. Wonder Battery… 100% all natural ingredients.
Meanwhile I will be studying up on Home Brew Diesel,Distilled High Octane and external combustion engines..
Would a closed system steam car be better with gylcol or water?
John
French fry grease, filtered for a cpl months, secondary tank with switch overs from diesel to grease on start up and the other way on shutdown…add heater to get grease hot and your diesel just might be able to run around nicely….but how many McDonalds will ya need to provide said grease..?? And wherever will ya store it to allow proper filtration…? Injectors don’t really like potatoes particles…not to mention burned grease residue (plaque), in yer crankcase and elsewhere…I’ve looked at it and said not a hope in Hades.
Best bet might be likely a old 7.3L Ford engine…??
Steakman,I will be applying for that “Government Clean Energy Grant” to process mammal fat into biofuel..
While implying livestock I will be planning on using fat parasite as the prime donor stock.
And Strangely enough,I own two 7.3s.
Best diesel ford ever borrowed.(Used?)
Have a relative in Prince George running a 5.9 cummins on mostly old tranny fluid.
John
You will need to switch to cricket grease in the future:-)))
Why do the Tesla freaks come out of the woodwork automatically every time there’s an EV thread? It’s like there’s bots scanning the interwebs or something…Nah,couldn’t be.
Your Grounded Lithium Picture happens to be on a friends Land. They cut him a cheque so he’s happy. He hasn’t heard of The Lithium Results and probably won’t.